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Nitazox 100 mg/5 mlNitazox 100 mg/5 ml is indicated for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica.Theropeutic ClassAnti-diarrhoeal AntiprotozoalPharmacologyNitazox 100 mg/5 ml is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent for oral administration. The antiprotozoal activity of Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is believed to be interference with the Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxido Reductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependant electron transfer reaction. This reaction is essential for anaerobic energy metabolism of the protozoa. Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml and its metabolites, tizoxanid are active in vitro in inhibiting the growth of sporozoites and oocyst of Cryptosporidium parvum and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia.Dosage & Administration of Nitazox 100 mg/5 mlAge 1-3 years: 1 tea-spoonfull or 5 ml suspension every 12 hours for 3 days. Age 4-11 years: 2 tea-spoonfulls or 10 ml suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.Age 12 years or above: 5 tea-spoonfulls (25 ml) suspension or 1 tablet every 12 hours for 3 days. It is recommended to be administered with food.Dosage of Nitazox 100 mg/5 mlAge 1-3 years: 1 tea-spoonfull or 5 ml suspension every 12 hours for 3 days. Age 4-11 years: 2 tea-spoonfulls or 10 ml suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.Age 12 years or above: 5 tea-spoonfulls (25 ml) suspension or 1 tablet every 12 hours for 3 days. It is recommended to be administered with food.Interaction of Nitazox 100 mg/5 mlIt is highly bound to plasma protein. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administering Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml concurrently with other highly plasma protein-bound drugs with narrow therapeutic index.ContraindicationsIt is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml or any components of the preparation.Side Effects of Nitazox 100 mg/5 mlThe most frequent side effects, reported by Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml are abdominal pain, vomiting and headache. These side effects are typically mild and transient in nature. Very rare side effects include- nausea, anorexia, flatulence, increased appetite, enlarged salivary glands, increased creatinine & SGPT level, pruritus, rhinitis, sweating, dizziness, discolored urine etc.Pregnancy & LactationUS FDA pregnancy category of Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is administered during lactation.Precautions & WarningsNitazox 100 mg/5 ml must be administered with caution to patients with hepatic & biliary disease and to patients with renal disease.Storage ConditionsKeep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.Drug ClassesAnti-diarrhoeal AntiprotozoalMode Of ActionNitazox 100 mg/5 ml is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent for oral administration. The antiprotozoal activity of Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is believed to be interference with the Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxido Reductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependant electron transfer reaction. This reaction is essential for anaerobic energy metabolism of the protozoa. Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml and its metabolites, tizoxanid are active in vitro in inhibiting the growth of sporozoites and oocyst of Cryptosporidium parvum and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia.PregnancyUS FDA pregnancy category of Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Nitazox 100 mg/5 ml is administered during lactation.