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Bumecard 1 mgBumecard 1 mg is indicated for the treatment of edema associated with- Congestive heart failure, Hepatic ascites and, Renal disease including the nephrotic syndromeTheropeutic ClassLoop diureticsPharmacologyBumecard 1 mg is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category to treat heart failure. It is often used in patients in whom high doses of furosemide are ineffective. There is however no reason not to use Bumecard 1 mg as a first choice drug. The main difference between the two substances is in bioavailability. It is said to be a more predictable diuretic, meaning that the predictable absorption is reflected in a more predictable effect. Bumecard 1 mg is 40 times more potent than furosemide (for patients with normal renal function).Bumecard 1 mg interferes with renal cAMP and/or inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. Bumecard 1 mg appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, altering electrolyte transfer in the proximal tubule. This results in excretion of sodium, chloride, and water and, hence, diuresis.Dosage & Administration of Bumecard 1 mgOral: 1 mg in the morning , repeated after 6-8 hours if necessary, In severe cases , 5 mg daily increased by 5 mg every 12-24 hours according to response. Elderly , 500 micrograms daily may be sufficient. Parenteral: By IV Injection: 1-2 mg, repeated after 20 minutes if necessary. Elderly, 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. By IV Infusion: 2-5 mg over 30-60 minutes.Elderly, 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. By IM Injection: 1 mg initially then adjusted according to response , Elderly 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. Dosage of Bumecard 1 mgOral: 1 mg in the morning , repeated after 6-8 hours if necessary, In severe cases , 5 mg daily increased by 5 mg every 12-24 hours according to response. Elderly , 500 micrograms daily may be sufficient. Parenteral: By IV Injection: 1-2 mg, repeated after 20 minutes if necessary. Elderly, 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. By IV Infusion: 2-5 mg over 30-60 minutes.Elderly, 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. By IM Injection: 1 mg initially then adjusted according to response , Elderly 500 micrograms (1 ml of Bumecard 1 mg) daily may be sufficient. Interaction of Bumecard 1 mgConcomitant use of Bumecard 1 mg may potentiate the effects of antihypertensive drugs. It shows a tendency to increase the excretion of potassium which can lead to an increase in the sensitivity of the myocardium to the toxic effects of digitalis. As with other diuretics, Bumecard 1 mg may cause an increase in blood uric acid.ContraindicationsLoop diuretics should be avoided in severe hypokalaemia, severe hyponatraemia, anuria, comatose and precomatose states associated with liver cirrhosis and in renal failure.Side Effects of Bumecard 1 mgThe side effects of Bumecard 1 mg include: headache, dizziness, fatigue, postural hypotension and gastrointestinal symptoms. Various skin reactions, photosensitivity reactions and metabolic disturbances, including reduced glucose tolerance are less frequent. Electrolyte disturbances can occur especially during long term treatment.Pregnancy & LactationPregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant woman. It is not known wheather this drug is excreted in human milk.Precautions & WarningsSerum potassium should be measured periodically and potassium supplements or potassium sparing diuretics added if necessary.Overdose Effects of Bumecard 1 mgSymptoms would be those caused by excessive diuresis. Empty stomach by gastric lavage or emesis.Storage ConditionsStore in a cool & dry place. Protect from light.Use In Special PopulationsPaediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in paediatric patients below the age of 18 have not been established.Drug ClassesLoop diureticsMode Of ActionBumecard 1 mg is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category to treat heart failure. It is often used in patients in whom high doses of furosemide are ineffective. There is however no reason not to use Bumecard 1 mg as a first choice drug. The main difference between the two substances is in bioavailability. It is said to be a more predictable diuretic, meaning that the predictable absorption is reflected in a more predictable effect. Bumecard 1 mg is 40 times more potent than furosemide (for patients with normal renal function).Bumecard 1 mg interferes with renal cAMP and/or inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. Bumecard 1 mg appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, altering electrolyte transfer in the proximal tubule. This results in excretion of sodium, chloride, and water and, hence, diuresis.PregnancyPregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant woman. It is not known wheather this drug is excreted in human milk.Pediatric UsesPaediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in paediatric patients below the age of 18 have not been established.