Cycloxan 50mg Tablet 10?S Allschoolabs -

Description

INTRODUCTION
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET contains Cyclophosphamide, which belongs to a group of medicines called Alkylating agents. It is used in the treatment of malignant diseases in adults and children such as malignant lymphomas (Stages III and IV), Hodgkin?s disease, Non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma, lymphocytic lymphoma (nodular or diffuse), mixed-cell type lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, Burkitt?s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous and monocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mycosis fungoides, neuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma of the ovary, retinoblastoma, Ewing?s sarcoma, breast cancer.
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is also indicated for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children who fail to adequately respond to or are unable to tolerate adrenocorticosteroid therapy. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with acute infections, bone-marrow aplasia, urinary tract infections like cystitis, acute urothelial toxicity from cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, urinary outflow obstruction, or untreated infections.
Before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you have allergic or anaphylactic reactions to other alkylating agents, bone marrow suppression or failure include (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anaemia), neutropenic fever, serious infections include pneumonias, bacterial, fungal, viral, protozoal, and parasitic infections, severe immune suppression, concomitant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, urinary tract and renal diseases like haemorrhagic cystitis, pyelitis, ureteritis, and hematuria, urotoxicity such as bladder ulceration, necrosis, fibrosis, contracture, urinary tract obstructions or active urinary tract infections, nephrotoxicity, including renal tubular necrosis, heart diseases such as myocarditis, myopericarditis, pericardial effusion including cardiac tamponade, and congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation, flutter, severe QT prolongation with ventricular tachyarrhythmia), pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, respiratory failure, pneumonitis and secondary malignancies (urinary tract cancer, myelodysplasia, acute leukemias, lymphomas, thyroid cancer, sarcomas, and bladder cancer), veno-occlusive liver disease, poor wound healing, hyponatremia, SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone), rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, galactose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption, Lapp lactase deficiency, sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency, adrenal insufficiency, diabetes and poor general health .
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is not recommended for use by pregnant women. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding women as it may pass through the breast milk. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in children. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in elderly patients aged years or above. The most common side effects of taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET are nausea, vomiting, weight loss, alopecia, hematuria and leukopenia. Contact your doctor if any of your symptoms get worse or persist.
USES OF CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET
Treats malignant diseases such as:
Malignant lymphomas (Stages III and IV)

Hodgkin?s disease, non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma

Lymphocytic lymphoma (nodular or diffuse)

Mixed-cell type lymphoma

Histiocytic lymphoma

Burkitt?s lymphoma

Multiple myeloma

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, chronic granulocytic leukaemia

Acute myelogenous and monocytic leukaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Mycosis fungoides

Neuroblastoma

Adenocarcinoma of the ovary

Retinoblastoma

Ewing?s sarcoma

Breast cancer

Nephrotic syndrome in paediatrics patients

HOW CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET WORKS
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET works by interfering with the malignant cell growth by cross-linking of cancer cells? DNA. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET also transfers alkyl groups to DNA during the process of cell division, thus preventing the normal synthesis of DNA. Therefore, stopping the growth and multiplication of cancer cells.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicines with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight and disease condition.
SIDE EFFECTS OF CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET

COMMON

Nausea, vomiting, weight loss

Alopecia (loss of hair)

Hematuria

Leukopenia (decrease in white blood cells)

UNCOMMON

Diarrhea

Darkening of skin/fingernails

Stomatitis, anorexia

Headache

Diaphoresis

SIADH, gonadal suppression

Hyperuricemia

Impaired wound healing

Amenorrhea, premature menopause, sterility

RARE
Stop taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
Allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, skin rash, itching, wheezing, swelling of the face, lips, ankles/legs causing shortness of breath or coughing

Liver disease such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eye)

Palpitations, sudden weight gain, dizziness or loss of consciousness

Signs of infection include fever, sore throat, cold, cough and shivery

Signs of anaemia such as being very pale, fatigue, headache, faintness, shortness of breath, irritability

Signs of bleeding from gums, bruising, petechiae

Hematuria (blood in urine), pain while passing urine, or less urine being passed

HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Headache:
Rest and relax. Drink plenty of fluids such as water and electrolytes. Apply a pain-relieving balm on the head if necessary. Do not consume alcohol. Contact your doctor if the symptom did not improve.
Nausea and vomiting:
Take the medicine, with or just after a meal. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily or spicy food.
Diarrhoea:
Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juices to keep you hydrated. Do not take any medicine on your own for treating diarrhea. Contact your doctor if the symptom did not improve.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS

PREGNANCY
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in pregnant women. Consult your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
BREASTFEEDING
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding women as it may pass through the breast milk. Consult your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or operate any machinery if you feel dizziness, blurred vision, and visual impairment after taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
ALCOHOL
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET as it increases nausea and vomiting caused by CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
KIDNEY
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in patients with kidney diseases such as nephrotoxicity, including renal tubular necrosis. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
LIVER
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
ALLERGY
Do not take CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET if you are allergic to Cyclophosphamide or any of its metabolites, or lactose, sucrose and other sugars, or other ingredients of this medicine.
LUNGS
[GBNEYWORD] should be used with caution in patients with lung diseases such as pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary venous-occlusive disease, respiratory failure, and pneumonitis. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
HEART DISEASE
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in patients with heart disease such as myocarditis, myopericarditis, and pericardial effusion including cardiac tamponade, congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation, flutter, and severe QT prolongation with ventricular tachyarrhythmia). Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
OTHERS
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is not recommended for use if you have:
Acute infections

Bone-marrow aplasia

Urinary tract infection like cystitis,

Acute urothelial toxicity from cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation

Urinary outflow obstruction

Untreated infections
Before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you have:
Allergic or anaphylactic reactions to other alkylating agents

Bone marrow suppression or failure includes (leukopenia, neutropenia thrombocytopenia and anaemia)

Neutropenic fever

Serious infections include pneumonia, bacterial, fungal, viral, protozoal, and parasitic infections

Severe immune suppression

Concomitant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy

Urinary tract and renal diseases like haemorrhagic cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis, and hematuria

Urotoxicity such as bladder ulceration, necrosis, fibrosis, contracture

Urinary tract obstructions or active urinary tract infections

Secondary malignancies (urinary tract cancer, myelodysplasia, acute leukemias, lymphomas, thyroid cancer, sarcomas, and bladder cancer)

Veno-occlusive liver disease

Poor wound healing

Hyponatremia

SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone)

Rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, galactose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption, Lapp lactase deficiency, sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency and

Adrenal insufficiency

Diabetes

Poor general health
Use in pediatrics:
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in children. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
Use in geriatrics:
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET should be used with caution in elderly patients aged 65 years or above. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug-Drug interactions:
Before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicine:
Medicines used to treat cancer (Ex. paclitaxel)

Depolarizing muscle relaxants Ex. succinylcholine (a medicine used in anaesthesia)

Aprepitant (medicines used to prevent being sick)

Busulfan, thiotepa (medicines used to treat cancer)

Ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, sulfadiazine, sulfasalazine, sulfamethoxazole (medicines used to treat bacterial infections)

Fluconazole, itraconazole (medicines used to treat fungal infections)

Prasugrel (medicines used to thin the blood)

Allopurinol (medicines used to treat gout)

Azathioprine (medicines used to reduce the activity of the immune system)

Chloral hydrate (medicines used to treat insomnia)

Medicines used to treat stomach ulcers (Ex. cimetidine)

Disulfiram (medicines used to treat alcoholism)

Glyceraldehyde (medicines used to treat warts)

Protease inhibitors Ex. atazanavir, darunavir (medicines used to treat viruses)

Ondansetron (medicines used to prevent being sick)

Rifampin (medicines used to treat bacterial infections)

Medicines used to treat epilepsy or seizures (Ex. carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin)

St. John?s wort (used for depression)

Corticosteroids (medicines used for inflammation)

Other anti-cancer medicines Ex. cisplatin, carboplatin etc. (medicines used to treat cancer)

Carbimazole (medicines used to treat an overactive thyroid)

Zidovudine (medicines used to treat viruses)

Medicines used to treat multiple sclerosis Ex. natalizumab

Medicines used to treat high blood pressure (ACE inhibitors like enalapril, thiazide diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide or chlorthalidone)

Anthracyclines Ex. bleomycin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin (used to treat cancer) ? cytarabine, pentostatin, trastuzumab (medicines used to treat cancer)

Amiodarone (medicines used to treat irregular heartbeat)

Medicine used to increase white blood cell numbers after chemotherapy (Ex. GM-CSF, G-CSF)

Amphotericin-B (used for fungal infections)

Indomethacin (medicines used to treat pain and inflammation)

Etanercept (medicines used to treat rheumatoid arthritis)

Metronidazole (medicines used to treat bacterial or protozoal infections)

Medicines used to treat breast cancer (Ex. tamoxifen)

Bupropion (medicines used to treat depression)

Coumarins such as warfarin (medicines used to thin the blood)

Cyclosporine (medicines acting on the immune system)

Digoxin, ?-acetyl digoxin (medicines used to treat heart conditions)

Vaccines Ex. BCG vaccine, anthrax vaccine (used to prevent infections)

Verapamil (medicines used to treat high blood pressure, angina or irregular heartbeat)

Clozapine (medicines used to treat psychotic disorders)
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally takes too much CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdose are myelosuppression (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anaemia), bone marrow failure, and severe immunosuppression, which may lead to sepsis and septic shock. Latent infections like viral hepatitis and tuberculosis can be reactivated, causing urotoxicity symptoms such as hemorrhagic cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis, and haematuria. Cardiotoxicity symptoms such as myocarditis, myopericarditis, pericardial effusion including cardiac tamponade, congestive heart failure, supraventricular arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation and flutter) and ventricular arrhythmias (including severe QT prolongation associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmia), veno-occlusive liver disease (VOD), and stomatitis.
SYNOPSIS

Drug :?? Cyclophosphamide

Pharmacological Category :?? Alkylating agents

Therapeutic Indication :?? Cancers

Dosage Forms :?? Tablet, Injection, Infusion

MORE INFORMATION

Keep CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET out of the sight and reach from children

Store CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET below 25?C

FAQs ABOUT CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET
What are the side effects of taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET?
The most common side effects of taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET are nausea, vomiting, weight loss, alopecia, hematuria, and leukopenia. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen.
How does CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET work?
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET works by interfering with malignant cell growth by cross-linking cancer cells? DNA. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET also transfers alkyl groups to DNA during the process of cell division, thus preventing the normal synthesis of DNA. Therefore, stopping the growth and multiplication of cancer cells
Who should avoid taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET?
CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with pregnancy, breast-feeding, allergies to cyclophosphamide or any of its metabolites, acute infections, bone-marrow aplasia, urinary tract infections like cystitis, acute urothelial toxicity from cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, urinary outflow obstruction, or untreated infections. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
Does CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET cause cancer?
Yes. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET raises the risk of developing leukaemia, lymphoma, and bladder cancer. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
Can I use CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET for nephrotic syndrome?
Yes. CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET is used to treat nephrotic syndrome in paediatric patients who fail to adequately respond to or are unable to tolerate adrenocorticosteroid therapy. Contact your doctor before taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
Can I take alcohol while using CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET?
No. Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET as it increases nausea and vomiting caused by CYCLOXAN 50MG TABLET.
REFERENCES
1. Skidmore. Cyclophosphamide. Mosby?s 2021 Nursing Drug Reference. 34th edition. 2021. Page ? 330-332.
2. Robert j. Kizior, Keith j. Hodgson. Cyclophosphamide. Saunder?s Nursing Drug Handbook 2021. 29th edition. 2021. Page -283-285.
3. Ogino MH, Tadi P. Mechanism of Cyclophosphamide. National Institute of Health. National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Pubmed.gov. April 2022. [Accessed on 28th May 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553087/
4. Baxter Healthcare Ltd. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised on December 2016] [Accessed on 28th May 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/30161#gref
5. Baxter Healthcare Corporation. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. [Revised on May 2013] [Accessed on 28th May 2022] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/012141s090,012142s112lbl.pdf
6. Baxter Holding B.V. Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA). [Revised on December 2018] [Accessed on 28th May 2022] https://www.hpra.ie/img/uploaded/swedocuments/Licence_PA2299-027-003_21122018112109.pdf
7. Baxter International Inc. Cyclophosphamide. [Revised on November 2018] [Accessed on 28th MAY 2022] https://5.imimg.com/data5/SELLER/Doc/2021/4/QA/YA/XN/8801618/cyclophosphamide.pdf
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS